Question:-

Multiple theories exist that attempt to explain the processes related to early cognitive development. Select two theories and compare and contrast them. Consider and present evidence for ways they are supported and refuted in the literature.

Answer:-

The two theories which have relation in the early years of cognitive development involve the Piaget theory and the Vygotsky theory. Based on Vygotsky’s theory, the child’s development cognitively depends upon interactions socially. Based upon Piaget’s theory this becomes that result from focussed, self-centred activities. With both having differentiated opinions both remain correct.   .

Piaget’s theory

Piaget mentions in his theories in the ways the child keeps developing and learning the cognitive skills via thinking logically. It also involves the ways he keeps interacting with that information provided from one’s environment. They keep learning upon physical and social environment with ways in assimilating and accommodating with information.

Vygotsky theory

Vygotsky mentions upon this child developing skills cognitively via speech where this child keeps interacting through societies learning other’s ideas and view. He further keeps sharing his ideas and views with speeches (Hanfstingl, Benke & Zhang, 2019).  He mentions upon interacting and playing with others with the cognitive skills developed. These cognitive skills get developed through informal and formal communication.

Similarities

In similarities, Piaget keeps explaining upon children becoming learners actively. It also involves knowing them much regarding the ways in organizing newer information with older information. Vygotsky kept describing children becoming learners actively showing their abilities by interacting among one another (Pardjono, 2016). They keep responding to the teacher regarding the things understood where both believe upon cognition development declining through age.

Contrasts

In contrasts, Piaget believes upon the child being that learner individualized developing skills of cognition through focussed, self-centred activities. Meanwhile, Vygotsky believed upon this child being that part in society developing cognition skills through interactions socially.